What factor significantly influences VNAV descent strategies?

The factor that significantly influences VNAV descent strategies is planned altitude restrictions and profiles. This is because VNAV systems are designed to optimize vertical profiles based on pre-determined altitude constraints, which include the necessary heights at various waypoints along the flight path.

When establishing descent strategies, pilots rely on these planned profiles to ensure the aircraft descends smoothly and safely while adhering to regulatory requirements and operational needs. Altitude restrictions can be related to procedural approaches, airspace structures, or terrain considerations, all of which can dictate the way a descent is executed, influencing the glide path and overall descent rate.

While considerations such as aircraft type, weather, and air traffic control instructions are important, they primarily act as modifiers or contextual factors that affect how VNAV sequences may be executed. The primary basis for VNAV planning remains the established planned altitude and performance profiles, which guide the descent approach and ensure compliance with safety and efficiency requirements.